Tabla Gharanas (Elementary) MCQs Quiz | Class 9
This quiz covers Unit 3 of the Class IX Hindustani Music Percussion Instruments (Code 036) syllabus. It focuses on the basic idea of various tabla gharanas, their founders, and distinctive playing styles. Complete the 10 questions below, submit your answers to check your score, and download the solution PDF for revision.
Overview of Tabla Gharanas
The term “Gharana” in Indian classical music refers to a family or lineage of musicians who share a distinctive style of playing. In Tabla, there are six main recognized gharanas. These traditions have been passed down from gurus to disciples for generations.
The Six Main Gharanas
The gharanas are generally classified based on their geographical origins and playing techniques (Baaj).
- Delhi Gharana: The oldest of all tabla gharanas. It is known as “Bandish Baaj” or “Kinara Baaj” because it emphasizes clarity and precise use of the index and middle fingers on the rim (kinar) and field (sur) of the tabla.
- Lucknow Gharana: An offshoot of the Delhi gharana but evolved to accompany Kathak dance. It is known as “Purab Baaj” (Eastern style) and utilizes a more open hand sound.
- Ajrara Gharana: Known for its complex cross-rhythms (Ari-layakari) and the distinctive use of the index, middle, and ring fingers combined (three-finger technique).
- Farukhabad Gharana: A blend of Delhi and Lucknow styles, known for its rich repertoire of Gats and Relas.
- Banaras Gharana: Famous for its powerful strokes and heavy influence of Pakhawaj. It is capable of accompanying vocal, instrumental, and dance forms equally well.
- Punjab Gharana: Highly influenced by the Pakhawaj tradition, known for its open hand strokes and complex mathematical calculations in rhythm.
Founders of Tabla Gharanas
| Gharana | Founder(s) |
|---|---|
| Delhi | Ustad Siddhar Khan |
| Lucknow | Ustad Miyan Modu Khan & Ustad Bakshu Khan |
| Ajrara | Ustad Kallu Khan & Ustad Miru Khan |
| Farukhabad | Ustad Haji Vilayat Ali Khan |
| Banaras | Pandit Ram Sahai |
| Punjab | Lala Bhavanidas |
Quick Revision Points
- Bandish Baaj: Refers primarily to the Delhi style.
- Khula Baaj / Pakhawaj Ang: Refers to styles like Punjab and Banaras that use open-hand strokes.
- Purab Baaj: Includes Lucknow, Farukhabad, and Banaras gharanas.
Practice Questions
1. Which gharana is known for accompaniment with Kathak dance?
2. Who are the founders of the Ajrara Gharana?
3. Which style is called Kinara Baaj?
4. What is the main characteristic of Punjab Gharana?
5. Name the founder of the Farukhabad Gharana.
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