Pronouns / Time & place / Core patterns MCQs Quiz | Class 9
This quiz for Class IX Japanese (Code 094) covers Section C: Grammar (20), focusing on the topic: Pronouns / Time & place / Core patterns. It assesses your understanding of Pronouns; time & place; N をします; あげます・もらいます; あります・わかります; and すき・じょうず・きらい・へた for 5 marks. Answer all questions, then click ‘Submit Quiz’ to see your score and download a PDF of your answers.
Class 9 Japanese Grammar Review
Overview of Core Concepts
This section covers fundamental Japanese grammar patterns essential for constructing basic sentences. We will review how to use pronouns, specify time and place, talk about activities, express giving and receiving, indicate existence or understanding, and state likes, dislikes, and skills. Mastering these patterns is crucial for communication.
1. Pronouns (指示代名詞 – Shiji Daimeishi)
Pronouns are used to refer to things, people, and places. The ‘ko-so-a-do’ series is fundamental.
- これ (kore): this (thing near the speaker)
- それ (sore): that (thing near the listener)
- あれ (are): that over there (thing far from both)
- どれ (dore): which? (question word)
Example: これは ほんです。(Kore wa hon desu.) – This is a book.
When modifying a noun, a different set is used:
- この (kono): this noun
- その (sono): that noun
- あの (ano): that noun over there
- どの (dono): which noun?
Example: この ほんは おもしろいです。(Kono hon wa omoshiroi desu.) – This book is interesting.
2. Particles for Time and Place (に, で)
Particles mark the function of a word in a sentence.
- に (ni):
- Indicates a specific point in time: ７じに おきます。(Shichi-ji ni okimasu.) – I wake up at 7 o’clock.
- Indicates existence at a location (with あります/います): つくえの うえに ほんが あります。(Tsukue no ue ni hon ga arimasu.) – There is a book on the desk.
- で (de):
- Indicates the location of an action: としょかんで べんきょうします。(Toshokan de benkyou shimasu.) – I study at the library.
3. The Pattern: Noun を します (o shimasu)
This pattern is used to say you “do” or “play” something. The particle を (pronounced ‘o’) marks the direct object of the verb します (shimasu).
- スポーツを します。(Supootsu o shimasu.) – To play sports.
- しゅくだいを します。(Shukudai o shimasu.) – To do homework.
- テニスを します。(Tenisu o shimasu.) – To play tennis.
4. Giving and Receiving (あげます, もらいます)
These verbs are crucial for expressing transactions.
- あげます (agemasu): to give
Structure: [Giver] は [Receiver] に [Object] を あげます。
Example: わたしは ともだちに プレゼントを あげます。(Watashi wa tomodachi ni purezento o agemasu.) – I give a present to my friend.
- もらいます (moraimasu): to receive
Structure: [Receiver] は [Giver] に/から [Object] を もらいます。
Example: わたしは ともだちに プレゼントを もらいます。(Watashi wa tomodachi ni purezento o moraimasu.) – I receive a present from my friend.
5. Existence and Understanding (あります, わかります)
These verbs use the particle が (ga) to mark the subject.
- あります (arimasu): to exist, to have (for inanimate objects)
Example: つくえが あります。(Tsukue ga arimasu.) – There is a desk.
Example: じかんが ありますか。(Jikan ga arimasu ka?) – Do you have time?
- わかります (wakarimasu): to understand
Example: にほんごが わかります。(Nihongo ga wakarimasu.) – I understand Japanese.
6. Likes, Dislikes, and Skills (すき, じょうず, きらい, へた)
These are な-adjectives, not verbs. The object of the feeling/skill is marked with が (ga).
Structure: [Topic] は [Object] が [Adjective] です。
| Adjective | Meaning | Example Sentence |
|---|---|---|
| すき (suki) | like | わたしは ねこが すきです。(Watashi wa neko ga suki desu.) |
| きらい (kirai) | dislike | わたしは ピーマンが きらいです。(Watashi wa piiman ga kirai desu.) |
| じょうず (jouzu) | good at / skillful | たなかさんは えいごが じょうずです。(Tanaka-san wa eigo ga jouzu desu.) |
| へた (heta) | bad at / unskillful | わたしは うたが へたです。(Watashi wa uta ga heta desu.) |
Quick Revision Points
- Use これ/それ/あれ for things, この/その/あの before nouns.
- Particle に is for a point in time or location of existence.
- Particle で is for the location of an action.
- Use を with します for activities like sports or homework.
- あげます means ‘to give’; もらいます means ‘to receive’.
- The object of あります, わかります, すき, きらい, じょうず, へた is marked by が.
Practice Questions
- Fill in the blank: わたしは ともだち ___ はなを もらいました。 (に/から, を, で)
- Translate to Japanese: “That person over there is a teacher.”
- Fill in the blank: まいばん テレビ ___ みますか。(を, が, に)
- How do you say “I am not good at cooking”?
- Create a sentence using the particle で to indicate a place of action.
