Human Capital MCQs Quiz | Class 9
Attempt this Class IX Economics quiz on the unit ‘People as Resource’. This practice test covers key concepts of human capital formation including the roles of education and health in economic development. Click ‘Submit Quiz’ to check your score and ‘Download Answer PDF’ to save your results for offline revision.
Overview: People as Resource
The concept of ‘People as Resource’ explains how the population of a country can be an asset rather than a liability. When investment is made in the form of education, training, and medical care, the quality of the population improves, transforming them into human capital. This human capital formation adds to the productive power of the country just like physical capital formation.
Key Drivers: Education and Health
Two major components determine the quality of the population:
- Education: It opens new horizons, provides new aspirations, and develops values of life. It increases the efficiency of the national government and adds to the growth of society. Government initiatives like Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan aim to provide elementary education to all children in the age group of 6-14 years.
- Health: The health of a person helps them realize their potential and the ability to fight illness. An unhealthy person becomes a liability for an organization. Improvement in the health status of the population has been a priority, indicated by rising life expectancy and falling infant mortality rates.
Economic Activities and Unemployment
Human capital engages in economic activities classified into three sectors: Primary (Agriculture), Secondary (Manufacturing), and Tertiary (Services). Unemployment negatively impacts human capital:
| Type | Description | Common In |
|---|---|---|
| Seasonal | People are unable to find jobs during some months of the year. | Agriculture |
| Disguised | More people are engaged in a job than required. | Agriculture |
| Educated | Matriculate and graduate youth cannot find suitable jobs. | Urban Areas |
Quick Revision Notes
- Virtuous Cycle: Educated parents invest more in their children’s education and health, creating a cycle of development.
- Vicious Cycle: Uneducated and disadvantaged parents may keep their children in a similar disadvantaged state.
- Infant Mortality Rate (IMR): Death of a child under one year of age.
- Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER): Total enrolment in education as a percentage of the eligible official school-age population.
Extra Practice Questions
- What is the main aim of the Mid-day Meal Scheme?
- Define ‘Market Activities’ in the context of human capital.
- How does unemployment affect the economy of a country?
- What is the difference between disguised and seasonal unemployment?
- Why is literacy rate low among females in India compared to males?
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