First Aid Practice: Fractures MCQs Quiz | Class 9

This quiz is for Class IX students of Home Science (Code 064), focusing on the Practical unit. The topic covered is First Aid for Fractures, including the application of correct, school-appropriate first aid steps. Attempt all questions and click “Submit Quiz” to see your score and download your answer PDF.

Understanding First Aid for Fractures

A fracture is a break or crack in a bone. Providing immediate and correct first aid can prevent further injury, reduce pain, and minimize complications while waiting for professional medical help. The primary goal is to keep the injured part still (immobilized) and ensure the person is as comfortable and safe as possible.

Key Principles of First Aid for Fractures

The main steps in managing a suspected fracture involve assessing the situation, preventing movement of the injured limb, and arranging for medical help. A simple acronym to remember for any emergency is DRSABCD (Danger, Response, Send for help, Airway, Breathing, CPR, Defibrillation), but for fractures specifically, focus on these steps after ensuring the area is safe:

  1. Stop any bleeding: If there is an open wound associated with the fracture (a compound fracture), apply firm pressure to the wound with a clean cloth or bandage. Do not wash the wound or try to push the bone back in.
  2. Immobilize the injured area: Prevent movement of the limb above and below the suspected fracture. Use a splint if you are trained to do so. A makeshift splint can be made from rolled-up newspapers, magazines, or pieces of wood. Pad the splint well and tie it securely, but not so tightly that it cuts off circulation.
  3. Apply a cold pack: Wrap ice or a cold pack in a towel and apply it to the injured area for about 15-20 minutes. This helps to reduce swelling and pain. Do not apply ice directly to the skin.
  4. Treat for shock: Help the person lie down, with their head slightly lower than their body if possible. Cover them with a blanket to keep them warm.
  5. Seek professional medical help: Call for an ambulance or transport the person to the nearest hospital immediately. Do not give the person anything to eat or drink.

What NOT to Do

  • Do not try to straighten or realign a broken bone.
  • Do not move the person unless they are in immediate danger.
  • Do not allow the person to walk on an injured leg or foot.
  • Do not tie splints so tightly that they restrict blood flow. Check for signs of poor circulation like numbness, tingling, or pale skin.

Types of Fractures: A Simple Comparison

Understanding the basic types can help you describe the injury to medical professionals.

Fracture Type Description First Aid Priority
Closed (Simple) Fracture The bone is broken, but the skin is intact. There is no open wound. Immobilization and pain/swelling management.
Open (Compound) Fracture The broken bone pierces the skin, creating an open wound. Controlling bleeding is the first priority, followed by immobilization. High risk of infection.

Quick Revision Points

  • Always check for danger before approaching an injured person.
  • The main goal is to immobilize the limb. Support the joints above and below the fracture.
  • Use a sling for arm or collarbone injuries and a splint for leg injuries.
  • Control bleeding in open fractures before doing anything else.
  • Never try to ‘fix’ or push a bone back into place.
  • Call for medical help as soon as possible.

Extra Practice Questions

  1. Why is it important to check for circulation (e.g., warmth and color of fingers/toes) after applying a splint?
  2. What are some common signs and symptoms of a fracture?
  3. Describe how you would make and apply a sling for a person with a suspected forearm fracture.
  4. In what situation would you prioritize moving a person with a suspected fracture over immobilizing it first?
  5. Explain the concept of “treating for shock” and why it’s important in first aid for fractures.