Evolution (Excluded) MCQs Quiz | Class 10

This quiz is designed for Class X Science (Code 086) students, focusing on Unit II: World of Living. Please note that topics related to evolution are explicitly not included for assessment. Test your knowledge on other core concepts from this unit, then submit your answers to see your score and download a detailed answer PDF for review.

Understanding World of Living (Excluding Evolution)

Welcome to this focused quiz on Class 10 Science, Unit II: World of Living. This quiz and the following content are carefully designed to reinforce your understanding of essential biological processes, heredity, reproduction, and environmental concepts, while strictly adhering to the current CBSE syllabus. It’s crucial to remember that for your Class X assessment, topics related to evolution are explicitly excluded from the syllabus. Your focus should be on the foundational principles covered below.

Key Concepts from Unit II: World of Living

Unit II encompasses a broad range of biological phenomena that sustain life on Earth. Let’s briefly revisit the core areas you should master, keeping in mind the syllabus exclusions:

1. Life Processes

  • Nutrition: How organisms obtain and utilize food (autotrophic like photosynthesis, heterotrophic in animals).
  • Respiration: The process of releasing energy from food (aerobic and anaerobic pathways).
  • Transportation: Movement of substances within organisms (blood circulation in animals, xylem and phloem in plants).
  • Excretion: Removal of metabolic waste products from the body (kidneys in humans, transpiration in plants).

2. Control and Coordination

  • Nervous System: Structure and function of neurons, brain, spinal cord, and nerves; reflex actions.
  • Endocrine System: Hormones and their roles in regulating growth, metabolism, and reproduction.
  • Coordination in Plants: Tropisms (phototropism, geotropism, hydrotropism, chemotropism) and plant hormones.

3. Reproduction

  • Asexual Reproduction: Simpler methods like fission, budding, fragmentation, spore formation, and vegetative propagation.
  • Sexual Reproduction: In flowering plants (pollination, fertilization, seed formation) and in human beings (male and female reproductive systems, fertilization, embryonic development).

4. Heredity

  • Mendel’s Contributions: Laws of inheritance based on monohybrid and dihybrid crosses.
  • Genes and Chromosomes: The basis of inheritance; understanding dominant and recessive traits.
  • Sex Determination: How the sex of an offspring is determined in humans.

5. Our Environment

  • Ecosystems: Components (biotic and abiotic), food chains, food webs, and energy flow.
  • Environmental Problems: Ozone layer depletion, waste generation and management (biodegradable and non-biodegradable wastes).

Important Note: Evolution is Excluded from Assessment

As per the revised CBSE Class 10 Science syllabus, topics related to the Theory of Evolution, evidence of evolution, and human evolution are explicitly not part of the assessment. Therefore, this quiz and the revision content intentionally omit these subjects. Please focus your studies on the mechanisms and concepts listed above to excel in your examinations.

Quick Revision Points

  • Photosynthesis occurs in chloroplasts, converting light energy into chemical energy using sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water.
  • The human circulatory system is a double circulation system, ensuring efficient transport of oxygen and nutrients.
  • A reflex arc is the neural pathway that mediates a reflex action, bypassing the brain for quicker responses.
  • Budding in Hydra is a common example of asexual reproduction where a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one particular site.
  • Genotype refers to the genetic makeup of an organism, while phenotype refers to its observable traits.
  • In a food chain, energy flows from producers (like plants) to primary consumers, then to secondary and tertiary consumers.

Extra Practice Questions

  1. Which part of the human brain is responsible for maintaining posture and balance of the body, and for precise, voluntary movements?
  2. Name the iron-containing pigment that imparts red colour to human blood and is primarily responsible for oxygen transport.
  3. Describe the vital role of the placenta in human embryonic development, highlighting its functions.
  4. If a cross between a pure tall pea plant (genotype TT) and a dwarf pea plant (genotype tt) produces an F1 generation, what percentage of the F2 generation would be tall phenotypically, assuming F1 plants are self-pollinated?
  5. Distinguish between biodegradable and non-biodegradable waste, providing one clear example for each category.