Plant Tissues: Permanent Tissue MCQs Quiz | Class 9

This Class IX Science (Code 086) quiz covers Unit II: Organization in the Living World, specifically focusing on Plant Tissues. The questions test your understanding of permanent tissues, including the differences between simple and complex types like parenchyma, collenchyma, sclerenchyma, xylem, and phloem. Submit your answers to check your score and download the PDF solution sheet.

Overview of Permanent Tissues

Permanent tissues in plants are composed of cells that have lost their ability to divide and have attained a specialized form and function. These tissues originate from meristematic tissues and undergo a process called differentiation.

1. Simple Permanent Tissues

These tissues are made up of only one type of cell which looks like each other. They are mainly classified into three types:

  • Parenchyma: Consists of living cells with thin cell walls. They are loosely packed with large intercellular spaces. Their main function is storage of food. Specialized forms include Chlorenchyma (performs photosynthesis) and Aerenchyma (provides buoyancy in aquatic plants).
  • Collenchyma: Consists of living cells that are elongated and irregularly thickened at the corners. It provides mechanical support and flexibility, allowing plants to bend without breaking.
  • Sclerenchyma: Consists of dead cells with long, narrow walls thickened with lignin. It makes the plant hard and stiff (e.g., husk of coconut).

2. Complex Permanent Tissues

These are made of more than one type of cell. All these cells coordinate to perform a common function. The two main types are:

  • Xylem: Responsible for the transport of water and minerals from roots to other parts. It consists of tracheids, vessels, xylem parenchyma, and xylem fibers. The flow is unidirectional.
  • Phloem: Transports food from leaves to other parts of the plant. It consists of sieve tubes, companion cells, phloem parenchyma, and phloem fibers. The flow is bidirectional.

Comparison: Simple vs. Complex Tissue

Feature Simple Tissue Complex Tissue
Cell Types Made of one type of cell Made of multiple cell types
Function Storage, support, photosynthesis Transport (vascular tissue)
Examples Parenchyma, Collenchyma Xylem, Phloem

Quick Revision Points

  • Differentiation is the process by which meristematic cells take up a permanent shape, size, and function.
  • Lignin acts as a cement hardener in Sclerenchyma.
  • Xylem parenchyma is the only living component in Xylem.
  • Phloem fibers are the only dead component in Phloem.

Extra Practice Questions

  1. What is the chemical substance present in the walls of cork cells?
  2. Name the tissue responsible for the flexibility in plants.
  3. Which tissue makes up the husk of a coconut?
  4. Define differentiation in plant tissues.
  5. List the elements of phloem.