Fibre Classification by Length MCQs Quiz | Class 9
This is a multiple-choice quiz for Class 9 Home Science (Code 064), Unit V: Fibre and Fabric. The questions focus on the topic of Fibre Classification by Length, specifically covering the differences between staple and filament fibres. Test your knowledge on this fundamental concept in textile science. After completing the quiz, click ‘Submit Quiz’ to view your score, review the correct answers, and download a PDF of your answer sheet.
Understanding Fibre Classification by Length
In textile science, one of the most fundamental ways to classify fibres is by their length. This classification divides all fibres into two main categories: staple fibres and filament fibres. Understanding this distinction is crucial as it directly influences the properties of the resulting yarn and fabric, such as its texture, appearance, and performance.
Key Concepts: Staple vs. Filament
1. Staple Fibres
Staple fibres are short-length fibres. Their length is typically measured in inches or centimeters. Nearly all natural fibres (except for silk) are staple fibres. Even manufactured fibres can be cut into shorter, staple lengths to mimic the properties of natural fibres.
- Length: Short, ranging from about 3/4 inch to 18 inches (2 cm to 45 cm).
- Source: Most natural sources like cotton (from the cotton plant), wool (from sheep), and flax (from the flax plant, which produces linen). Manufactured filaments can also be cut to staple length.
- Characteristics: Fabrics made from staple fibres are generally fuzzy, soft, and absorbent. They are not as smooth or lustrous as fabrics from filament fibres.
- Processing: To create a continuous thread, these short fibres must be twisted together in a process called spinning to form a yarn.
2. Filament Fibres
Filament fibres are long, continuous strands of fibre. Their length is measured in meters or yards. Silk is the only natural filament fibre. All manufactured fibres (like nylon, polyester, and rayon) are initially produced as filaments.
- Length: Long and continuous, can be miles long.
- Source: The only natural source is the silkworm cocoon (silk). All man-made fibres are produced as filaments.
- Characteristics: Fabrics made from filament fibres are typically smooth, lustrous, and drape well. They feel sleek to the touch.
- Types:
- Monofilament: A yarn made from a single, thick filament (e.g., fishing line).
- Multifilament: A yarn made by twisting together multiple thin filaments, which is more common for clothing fabrics as it provides flexibility and softness.
Comparison Table: Staple vs. Filament Fibres
| Property | Staple Fibres | Filament Fibres |
|---|---|---|
| Length | Short (measured in inches/cm) | Long and continuous (measured in meters/yards) |
| Examples | Cotton, wool, flax, jute, cut polyester | Silk, nylon, rayon, spandex, polyester |
| Fabric Appearance | Fuzzy, matte, less lustrous | Smooth, shiny, lustrous |
| Fabric Feel | Soft, warm, absorbent | Sleek, cool, less absorbent |
| Yarn Formation | Requires spinning (twisting short fibres together) | Can be used directly or lightly twisted |
Quick Revision Points
- The primary basis for this classification is length.
- Staple = Short. Think cotton bolls.
- Filament = Long. Think a single thread from a spiderweb or silkworm cocoon.
- All manufactured fibres start as filaments but can be cut into staple fibres.
- Silk is the only natural filament fibre.
- Staple fibres are spun to make yarn; filament fibres can be used as is.
- Staple fibres create fuzzy, soft fabrics, while filament fibres create smooth, shiny fabrics.
Extra Practice Questions
- Why might a manufacturer choose to cut a polyester filament into staple length?
- If you want to create a fabric with high luster and a smooth surface, which type of fibre would you choose?
- Name two natural staple fibres and one man-made filament fibre.
- What is the process of turning short staple fibres into a continuous yarn called?
- Is it possible to have a yarn that contains both staple and filament fibres? Explain briefly.
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