Origin of Tabla (Elementary) MCQs Quiz | Class 9
Class: IX, Subject: Hindustani Music Percussion Instruments (Code 036), Unit: Unit 3, Topic: Origin of Tabla (Elementary). This quiz covers the historical background, theories of origin, and structural evolution of the Tabla. Submit your answers to check your score and download the PDF solution.
Origin and Evolution of Tabla
The Tabla is the principal percussion instrument in Hindustani Classical Music. While its exact origin is debated among scholars, it is widely believed to have evolved during the medieval period in India. The instrument’s development is often linked to the need for a softer, more versatile rhythmic accompaniment for Khayal singing, distinct from the loud and resonant Pakhawaj used for Dhrupad.
Key Theories of Origin
- Amir Khusrau and the Pakhawaj: The most popular legend attributes the invention of the Tabla to Amir Khusrau, a 13th-century poet and musician. It is said that he split the ancient Pakhawaj (a barrel-shaped drum) into two halves to create the Tabla (right drum) and the Bayan (left drum).
- Etymology: The word ‘Tabla’ is derived from the Arabic word ‘Tabl’, which simply means ‘drum’. This suggests a possible influence from Middle Eastern percussion instruments during the Mughal era.
- The Pushkara Connection: Some scholars believe the Tabla evolved indigenously from ancient Indian drums known as ‘Pushkara’, which appear in temple carvings dating back centuries before the Mughal period.
Structure of the Instrument
The Tabla set consists of two drums with distinct characteristics:
| Feature | Dayan (Right Drum) | Bayan (Left Drum) |
|---|---|---|
| Material | Wood (Sheesham, Rosewood) | Metal (Brass, Copper) or Clay |
| Sound | Treble (High pitched) | Bass (Deep, resonant) |
| Tuning | Tuned to the tonic (Sa) of the singer | Variable pitch, modulated by pressure |
Important Terminology
- Syahi (Ghab): The black circular patch on the center of the skin, made of iron filings and paste, responsible for the distinct resonance.
- Pudi: The goat-skin covering (head) of the drum.
- Gatta: Wooden blocks used on the Dayan to adjust tension and tuning.
- Baddhi: Leather straps that hold the Pudi in place.
Practice Questions
1. Which style of singing is Tabla primarily associated with? (Ans: Khayal)
2. What is the rim of the Tabla head called? (Ans: Kinar/Chati)
3. Which hand plays the Dayan? (Ans: Right hand/Dominant hand)
4. What material is the Syahi primarily made of? (Ans: Iron paste)
5. Who is the legendary inventor mentioned in folklore? (Ans: Amir Khusrau)
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